Merge conflicts can occur when changes from different branches clash. To resolve them, start by using Git to identify the conflicting files. Open these files in your code editor, look for conflict markers, and decide how to integrate the changes.

Merge conflicts are an inevitable part of collaborative software development, especially in open-source projects where multiple contributors are working on different features simultaneously. When you attempt to merge changes from one branch into another and Git encounters conflicting changes, it will stop the merge process and flag the files that contain conflicts. To resolve merge conflicts effectively, you can follow a series of steps. First, use Git commands to identify the files that have conflicts. Running git status will show you which files are in conflict and need your attention. Once you know which files are affected, open them in your code editor. You'll see conflict markers inserted by Git that highlight the conflicting sections of code. These markers look like this: <<<<<<< HEAD, =======, and >>>>>>> branch-name. The code between <<<<<<< HEAD and ======= represents your changes, while the code below ======= is from the branch you are trying to merge. Your task is to carefully examine both versions of the code and decide how to integrate them. This may involve selecting one version over the other, combining elements from both, or rewriting the section altogether for clarity. After resolving all conflicts in the affected files, remove the conflict markers and save your changes. Next, stage the resolved files with git add filename, and then commit the changes with a message indicating that you've resolved the conflicts. Finally, continue the merge process with git merge --continue or the relevant command for your workflow. It's essential to test your code after resolving merge conflicts to ensure that everything works as expected. If you're working in a team, consider communicating with the other contributors involved in the changes to ensure that everyone is on the same page.